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Encompass a broad group of diseases resulting from an unwanted immune response to self antigens or antigens that pose no danger to the host but lead to immune system overactivity. Both, allergies and autoimmunity increasingly affect human population.
Encompass a broad group of diseases resulting from an unwanted immune response to self antigens or antigens that pose no danger to the host but lead to immune system overactivity. Both, allergies and autoimmunity increasingly affect human population.
IMMEDIATE HYPERSENSITIVITY
IMMEDIATE HYPERSENSITIVITY
IgE antibodies
IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 producing Th2 cells
Activated mast cells and eosinophils
Inflammation
e.g. allergy, atopy
T CELL
- MEDIATED
T CELL
- MEDIATED
Activated CD4+ T lymphocytes that secrete cytokines and induce inflammation
or cytotoxic T cells
e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis
ANTIBODY
-MEDIATED
ANTIBODY
-MEDIATED
IgM and/or IgG antibodies against cell surface or extracellular antigens
Activation of antibody effector functions such as complement, phagocytosis
Recruitment of inflammatory cells
Interference with normal cellular functions
e.g. autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, pemphigus vulgaris, vasculitis, goodpasture syndrome, myasthenia gravis
IMMUNE COMPLEX
- MEDIATED
IMMUNE COMPLEX
- MEDIATED
IgM and/or IgG antibodies against soluble antigens
Immune complexes can be deposited in blood vessels in various tissues causing inflammation, thrombosis and tissue injury
e.g. systemic lupus eythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa, poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, serum sickness
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